Electric lamp



(No-Model.) l

0. P. LOOMIS.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 369,349. Patented Sept. 6, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

osBonN r. LooMrs, or soMEnvrLLE, MASsAoHUsn'rfrs.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,349, dated September 6, 1887.

Application filed January 5, 1887.

1o has for its object to improve and simplify the general construction of arc lamps, and more especially to provide a simple and efficient feed mechanism for the carbons.

In accordance with my invention I employ i5 a single-bar electro-magnet differentially wound with coarse and fine wire and provided at its ends with pole-pieces, the lower polepiece having a beveled or inclined block attached to or forming part of it. The upper 2o pole-piece has pivoted to it an elbow-lever having an arm connected to the clutch mechanism, to be described, and a second arm to a dash-pot, while a third arm of the said lever is extended to near the lower pole-piece and forms an armature for the electro-magnet.

The arm of the elbow-lever which forms the armature of the electro-magnet preferably has secured to it an insulated contactterminal, which co-operatcs with a second contact-terminal, preferably insulated from a second electro-magnet of smaller dimensions, the said co-operating contactterminals acting, when brought together, as will be described, to cut out the lamp from the line-circuit.

Other features of my invention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure lis a side elevation of a sufficient portion of myimproved lamp to enable myin- 4o vention to be understood; Fig. 2, an endview of Fig. 1, looking toward the right; Fig. 3, a section of Fig. 1 on line :c w; Fig. 4, a diagram showing the manner of connecting the lamp in circuit; Fig. 5, a modication to be referred I 4 5 to, and Fig. 6 a detail to be referred to.

The upper portion 'hof the frame of myimproved lamp is composed of an electro-magnet consisting of a bar, a,preferab ly of wrought or malleableiron,whioh is differentially wound 5o with coarse wire, a', and fine wire, a, and two pole-pieces, a3 a4, preferably of wrought or malleable iron, attached to the ends of the bar a,

Serial No. 223,447. (No model.)

as shown, by screw b, (see dotted lines,Fig. 1,) the said pole-pieces having secured to them by the screws b caps b of insulating material, the lower portion of the said lamp beingof ordinary construction. The caps b and polepieces a3 a are provided with centrallydisposed openings for the passage of the uppercarbon carrier, b2.

The pole-piece a3 of the electro-magnet, as herein shown, is provided with lugs Zr, to which is pivoted an elbow-lever, b4, having one arm, b, secured to the piston-rod b of a piston of a dash-pot, bl, the latter being supported, as shown, by av rod, bs, secured to or forming part of the-bottom of the dash-pot, the said rod being fastened by screw b to the pole-piece c". Another arm, c, of the elbow-levcris extended from the pole-piece a to near a beveled or inclined block, c', attached to or forming part of the pole-piece a", the arm c forming an armature for the electro-magnet.

The armature c, as shown in Fig. 1, has secured to it an insulating-block, j, provided with a contact-terminal, j", which co-operates with a contact-terminal, f3, secured to but insulated from the core of an electro-magnet, f, the contact-terminal f being connected to the positive wire and the contact-terminalf3 with the coil of the electro-magnetfJ, the said coil being connected to the negative wire, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. The elbow-lever b'L also has a third arm, ci, which is connected by the rod ci to one end of a clutch-lever, o", (shown in Fig. 3 as a single piece provided with an opening in the body portion m, through which the carbon-carrier is passed,) the other end of the said clutch-lever sliding upon an upright rod, c5, fastened, as Shown, to the pole-piece al and provided with an adjustable block, c6.

The body portion of the clutch -lever through which the carbon-carrier is passed is curved 0r bent so that the clamping points or surfaces, as 2 3, are not in line with each other, one being above the other, as shown in Fig. 6.

By making the halves of the body portion of the clutch out of line with each other I obviate the wedging action upon the carbon-carrier of the' old-style ring-clutch, thus obtaining a quick and easy release and re-engagement ofthe carbon-carrier, thereby obtaining ICO In the operation of my improved lamp, and as thus far described, the current enters the lamp through the coarse wire, a', one end of the said wire being connected, as shown in Fig. 4t, with the positive pole and the other end with the upper-carbon carrier, the current passing through the carbons and to the negative pole of the lamp, as indicated by the arrows, part ofthe currentflowing through the differen tial fine wire, a2, attached to the coarse wire, a'. The current passing through the coarse wire, c, magnetizes the bar ce and its pole-pieces c3 at, and also the block c', the latter attracting its armature c, thereby turning the elbow-lever on its pivot and lifting the clutch cl through the rods 6" c3, thus establishing the are. As the are increases in length, the current passing through the differential wire a2, having one end connected to the coarse wire, ce', and its other end to the negative pole of the lamp, is increased and acts to neutralize the action of the main current upon the electro-magnet.

The neutralization of the effect of the main circuit upon the electro-magnet by the differential current permits the armature c to be withdrawn from the block c by the dash-pot, or it may be by a spring, 5, fastened to the arm If. As the armature c recedes, the clutch cL is lowered, and the long arm of the clutchlever strikes on the adjustable stop c" and releases the bind of the surfaces 2 3 upon the carbon-carrier, thus permitting the same to feed downward, the said clutch releasing the carbon-carrier very gradually and smoothly, thus eiecting a gradual and easy feed of the carbon.

When the are becomes abnormally long by the carbon sticking or for other cause, the current of the differential wire neutralizes the effeet of the current in the coarse wire upon the.

core a, and the armature c is moved backward bythe dash-pot acting upon the lever b, as described, to close the cut-out circuit through the contact -terminals f f, the latter being kept together by the attractive force of the magnet j for the armature c.

The lamp will remain cut out of circuit, as in the case of a broken carbon, until a new carbon has been placed in position and in contact with the lower carbon, thus closing the main circuit, whereupon the current passes through the coarse wire, a ,and magnetizes the core c and pole-pieces ai a and block c', the latter attracting the armature c and breaking the cut-out circuit and lifting the carbon to establish the arc.

By constructing the block c beveled or inclined the armature is made to approach or travel up the said block slower and easier than if the said block presented a iiat upright surface, that part of the incline passed over by the end of the armature acting to retard the movement of the said armature by opposing or pulling against, as it were, the attraction of that part of the block which is in front of the said armature.

Referrimg to Fig. 5, I have shown the armature c as wound with wire,20, which in diagram Fig. 4 is the wire 2i.. rIhe end of the wire 2O forms the contact-terminal f, which co-operates with the second terminal, f, the latter being insulated from a post or upright, 22. It will thus be seen that the magnet f" is dispensed with, and the armature c becomes an electro-magnet when the circuit is closed at the terminals f j. The electromagnet thus formed serves to maintain a sure and positive closing of the cut-out circuit.

I claiml. An electric lamp comprising a magnet having its corewound differentially and pro vided at its ends with pole-pieces, combined with a lever having an arm extended from one pole-piece toward the other pole-piece to constitute an armature for the said magnet, and having a second arm connected with a clutch mechanism to lift a carbon and establish the arc as the armature is attracted by one of the said polespieces, substantially as described.

2. An electric lamp comprising a magnet having its core wound differentially and provided at its ends with pole-pieces, a beveled or inclined block on one of said pole-pieces, combined with alever having an arm extended from one pole-piece to near the said inclined block to constitute an armature for the said magnetand having a second arm connected with a clutch mechanism to lift a carbon and establish the arc as the end of the armature travels up the inclined block, substantially as described.

3. An electric lamp comprisi ng a single magnet having its core wound differentially and provided at its ends with pole-pieces, a bcveled or inclined block on one of said polepieces, a lever having an arm extended from one pole-piecc to near the said inclined block to constitute an armature for the said magnet, asecond arm ofsaidlever connected to a clutch mechanism to lift a carbon and establish the are as the end of the armature travels up the inclined block, combined with a third arm of the said lever, and. with means connected to the said third arm to move the armature away from the inclined block as the magnetism of the core is diminished, substantially as dcscribed.

4. An electric lamp comprisingasingle magnet having its core wound differentially and provided with pole-pieces combined. with the elbow-lever b", having'an arm, c, constituting an armature for the said magnet, and provided with a contact-terminal, combined with a second terminal co-operating with the terminal on the armature, as and for the purpose specilied.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two sub-- scribing witnesses.

OSBORN R iOOll/IS.

TNitnessc Gro. S.. S'rnvnns, Loraine E. CHiLsoN.

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